');height:10px;width:16px;content:"";position:absolute;top:5px;right:0;display:block;transition:rotate .3s;rotate:0deg}.sn-navbar-links a.sn-has-panel.sn-open:after,.sn-navbar-links button.sn-has-panel.sn-has-panel.sn-open:after{rotate:180deg}.sn-navbar-links a,.sn-navbar-links button.sn-has-panel,.sn-navbar .sn-search-button{padding-bottom:18px;margin-bottom:0;position:relative}.sn-navbar-links a:before,.sn-navbar-links button.sn-has-panel:before,.sn-navbar .sn-search-button:before{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;bottom:0px;left:0;right:0;height:4px;background:#071d49;opacity:0;outline:0 !important;pointer-events:none}.sn-navbar-links a:hover:before,.sn-navbar-links a.sn-active:before,.sn-navbar-links a.sn-open:before,.sn-navbar-links button.sn-has-panel:hover:before,.sn-navbar-links button.sn-has-panel.sn-active:before,.sn-navbar-links button.sn-has-panel.sn-open:before,.sn-navbar .sn-search-button:hover:before,.sn-navbar .sn-search-button.sn-active:before,.sn-navbar .sn-search-button.sn-open:before{opacity:1}.sn-navbar-actions{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;padding-bottom:10px}@media all and (max-width: 1150px){.sn-navbar-actions{gap:6px}}.sn-navbar-actions .sn-vsep{height:25px;width:1px;margin:0 10px}@media all and (max-width: 1150px){.sn-navbar-actions .sn-vsep{margin:0 5px}}.sn-navbar-actions .sn-vsep{background:#c4c4c4}.sn-navbar-actions .sn-search-button{position:relative;top:10px;color:#071d49;padding-left:25px}.sn-navbar-actions .sn-search-button::after{content:"";background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');width:20px;height:20px;display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.sn-reset .sn-button{border-radius:2px;background:#0a70dc;border:2px solid #0a70dc;color:#fff !important;padding:7px 11px;font-weight:600;white-space:nowrap}.sn-reset .sn-button:hover{background:#0857ab;border-color:#0857ab}.sn-reset .sn-button-outline{background:#fff;color:#0a70dc !important;border:2px solid #0a70dc}.sn-reset .sn-button-outline:hover{color:#0857ab !important;background:#ebf4fe;border-color:#0857ab}.sn-sr{position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:auto;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (max-width: 980px){.sn-desktop{display:none}}@media all and (min-width: 981px){.sn-mobile{display:none}}.sn-mobile-bar.sn-container{padding-top:12px;padding-bottom:12px;display:flex;align-items:center}.sn-mobile-bar.sn-container a,.sn-mobile-bar.sn-container button{font-weight:500;margin-left:16px;font-size:1rem}.sn-mobile-bar.sn-container button.with-icon{font-size:0.875rem}.sn-mobile-logo{margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:auto}.sn-mobile-logo svg{height:28px}.sn-mobile-nav{display:none;border-top:1px solid #c4c4c4;overflow:hidden}.sn-mobile-nav.sn-open{display:block}.sn-mobile-areas{padding:6px 15px 10px;font-size:0.875rem;font-weight:500;gap:20px;margin:0 auto}.sn-mobile-areas a{display:block;margin:7px 0;padding:8px 0}.sn-mobile-areas a.sn-active{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-underline-offset:5px}.sn-mobile-extra{background:#ebf4fe;padding:20px 15px;margin:0 auto}.sn-mobile-links{max-width:400px;font-size:0.875rem;font-weight:500;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap}.sn-mobile-links a{display:block}.sn-mobile-links #sn-header-button-log-out{display:none !important}.sn-mobile-actions{padding:0 15px 30px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px;align-items:center;margin:0 auto}.sn-mobile-actions a:not(.sn-mobile-visible),.sn-mobile-actions button:not(.sn-mobile-visible){display:none !important}.sn-mobile-actions .sn-mobile-visible{width:100%;text-align:center}.sn-mobile-actions .sn-mobile-logout{font-weight:500;color:#0a70dc;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-panel-savings{margin-top:24px}.sn-mobile .sn-panel-disclaimer{margin-bottom:12px}.sn-mobile .sn-mobile-title{padding:24px 0 18px;border-bottom:1px solid #c4c4c4;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700}.sn-mobile-list{display:flex;flex-direction:column;overflow:hidden;padding:6px 15px 20px;margin:0 auto}.sn-mobile-list a,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list{font-size:1rem;width:100%;text-align:left;padding:16px 0;font-weight:500}.sn-mobile-list a.sn-has-panel,.sn-mobile-list a.has-list,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel.sn-has-panel,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel.has-list,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list.sn-has-panel,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list.has-list{position:relative}.sn-mobile-list a.sn-has-panel:after,.sn-mobile-list a.has-list:after,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel.sn-has-panel:after,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel.has-list:after,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list.sn-has-panel:after,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list.has-list:after{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');height:12px;width:7px;content:"";position:absolute;top:19px;right:0px;display:block}.sn-mobile-list a.sn-search-button,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel.sn-search-button,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list.sn-search-button{padding-right:30px}.sn-mobile-list a.sn-search-button:after,.sn-mobile-list button.sn-has-panel.sn-search-button:after,.sn-mobile-list button.has-list.sn-search-button:after{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');bottom:0px;top:14px;height:20px;width:20px}.sn-mobile-list .sn-link{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:4px}.sn-mobile-list .sn-link .sn-link-text{font-weight:500}.sn-mobile-list .sn-link .sn-link-description{color:#4d4d4d;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400}.sn-mobile-list .sn-subtitle{width:fit-content;border:none;padding:0}.sn-mobile-list li{border-bottom:1px solid #c4c4c4}.sn-mobile .sn-panel-buttons{margin-top:16px}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search-input{min-width:100px}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-panel-title{font-size:1.25rem;padding:20px 0}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-results{margin-bottom:16px}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-results a{font-weight:400}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-entry-title{font-weight:400}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-price-listing .sn-entry-title{font-weight:500}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-entry-title .sn-search-nav a{margin:6px 0}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-nav-research,.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-nav-news{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:start}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-nav-research>a,.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-nav-news>a{margin-top:0;width:calc(100% - 110px)}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-nav-research>p,.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-nav-news>p{width:110px;padding:8px;font-size:14px}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-entry-title+.sn-price{color:#1a1a1a}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-search .sn-search-link{border:0px}.sn-mobile .sn-mobile-back{width:fit-content;border:0px;padding-bottom:0px;color:#0a70dc;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;position:relative;padding-left:15px;padding-top:16px}.sn-mobile .sn-mobile-back:before{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');height:12px;width:7px;content:"";position:absolute;bottom:3.5px;left:0;display:block;transform:rotate(180deg)}.sn-mobile-header-search{height:38px;width:48px}.sn-mobile-button{height:38px;width:44px;text-align:center}.sn-mobile-button .sn-mobile-close{display:none;position:relative;top:2px}.sn-mobile-button.sn-open .sn-mobile-close{display:block}.sn-mobile-button.sn-open .sn-mobile-open{display:none}.sn-mobile-inner,.sn-mobile-inner-sub{transition:transform .25s,opacity .35s;transform:translateY(-15px);opacity:.35}.sn-mobile-inner-sub{transform:translateX(15px);padding-bottom:15px}.sn-mobile-nav.sn-animated .sn-mobile-inner,.sn-mobile-nav.sn-animated .sn-mobile-inner-sub{transform:translateY(0);opacity:1}.sn-mobile-nav.sn-animated .sn-mobile-inner-sub{transform:translateX(0)}.sn-mobile .sn-panel-close{display:none}.sn-panel{display:none;overflow:hidden}.sn-panel.sn-open{display:block}.sn-panel .sn-panel-intro{transition:transform .45s,opacity .25s;opacity:1;transform:translateY(0px)}.sn-panel.sn-animated .sn-panel-intro{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0px)}.sn-panel-main{transition:0s;opacity:1;transform:translateX(0px)}.sn-panel-main.sn-animated{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0px);transition:transform .45s,opacity .25s}.sn-panel{border-top:1px solid #c4c4c4;padding-top:25px;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400}.sn-panel .sn-panel-title{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:600;border-bottom:1px solid #c4c4c4;padding-bottom:5px;margin-bottom:20px}.sn-panel-columns,.sn-panel-main>.sn-panel-list{position:relative;display:flex;gap:40px}.sn-panel-columns:after,.sn-panel-main>.sn-panel-list:after{position:absolute;content:"";top:0;left:31%;margin-left:19px;bottom:-30px;width:1px;background:#c4c4c4}.sn-panel-main>.sn-panel-list:after{left:50%;height:1000px;margin-left:-0.5px}.sn-panel-intro{width:31%}.sn-panel-nav,.sn-panel-subcontent,.sn-panel-main{flex:1}.sn-panel-intro,.sn-panel-main{padding-bottom:65px}.sn-panel-header{position:relative}.sn-panel-close{font-size:1rem;position:absolute;z-index:2;top:0;right:0;transition:opacity .25s}.sn-panel-close:hover{text-decoration:underline}.sn-panel-close:after{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');height:12px;width:13px;margin-left:8px;top:.5px;content:"";display:inline-block;position:relative}.sn-panel-nav a,.sn-panel-nav button.has-list{width:100%;text-align:left;font-size:1rem;border-radius:0px;display:block;padding:12px 14px;padding-right:30px;margin-bottom:6px;background:#fff;position:relative;font-weight:500}.sn-panel-nav a.has-list:after,.sn-panel-nav button.has-list.has-list:after{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');height:12px;width:7px;content:"";position:absolute;top:15px;right:17px;display:block}.sn-panel-nav a.sn-open,.sn-panel-nav a:hover,.sn-panel-nav button.has-list.sn-open,.sn-panel-nav button.has-list:hover{background:#071d49;color:#fff}.sn-panel-nav a.sn-open:after,.sn-panel-nav a:hover:after,.sn-panel-nav button.has-list.sn-open:after,.sn-panel-nav button.has-list:hover:after{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ')}.sn-panel-nav .sn-link{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:4px}.sn-panel-nav .sn-link .sn-link-text{font-weight:500}.sn-panel-nav .sn-link .sn-link-description{color:#4d4d4d;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400}.sn-panel-nav .sn-link:hover .sn-link-description{color:#fff}.sn-panel-back{font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:15px;text-decoration:underline !important;margin-left:14px}.sn-panel-back:hover{text-decoration:none !important}.sn-panel-buttons a{border-radius:0px;border:1px solid #c4c4c4;display:block;padding:12px 16px;margin-bottom:16px;font-weight:500;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}.sn-panel-buttons a:hover{background:#ecf2fd;border-color:#071d49}.sn-panel-buttons a:hover span{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}.sn-panel-buttons a.sn-panel-featured{background:#fff;border:2px solid #0a6bd2;color:#0a70dc}.sn-panel-buttons a.sn-panel-featured:hover{background:#ebf4fe;color:#0a6bd2}.sn-panel-icon{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-items:center;width:40px;height:45px}.sn-panel-icon img,.sn-panel-icon svg{max-width:100%;margin:auto}.sn-panel .sn-panel-disclaimer{font-size:0.875rem;padding:0 0 24px}.sn-panel-accordion{margin-top:0px}.sn-panel-accordion-title{width:100%;text-align:left;border-radius:0 !important;position:relative;display:block !important;cursor:pointer;font-size:0.875rem;font-weight:600;padding:0 20px 6px 0 !important;border-bottom:1px solid #071d49 !important}.sn-panel-accordion-title:after{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');height:10px;width:16px;content:"";position:absolute;bottom:7px;right:0;display:block;transition:rotate .3s;rotate:0deg}.sn-panel-accordion-title:hover{opacity:.75}.sn-panel-accordion-content{padding-top:12px;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:18px;display:none;white-space:pre-line}.sn-panel-accordion.sn-open .sn-panel-accordion-content{display:block}.sn-panel-accordion.sn-open .sn-panel-accordion-title::after{rotate:180deg}.sn-panel-saving h3{font-weight:600}.sn-panel-rates{padding:10px 0 18px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);gap:8px}.sn-panel-rates>a{border-radius:0;padding:8px 8px;border:1px solid #c4c4c4;display:block;transition:background .35s,border-color .35s}.sn-panel-rates>a:hover{background:#ecf2fd;border-color:#071d49}.sn-panel-rate{font-size:1.125rem;padding:4px 0;font-weight:700}.sn-panel-rate-title{font-weight:600;font-size:0.875rem !important;line-height:1.1em}.sn-panel-rate-suffix{font-weight:400;font-size:0.875rem;white-space:pre-line;opacity:.9}.sn-panel-main>.sn-panel-list{display:none}.sn-panel-main>.sn-panel-list.sn-open{display:flex}.sn-panel-header{display:none}.sn-panel-header.sn-open{display:block}.sn-panel-subcontent>.sn-panel-board,.sn-panel-subcontent>.sn-panel-list,.sn-panel-buttons{display:none}.sn-panel-subcontent>.sn-panel-board.sn-open,.sn-panel-subcontent>.sn-panel-list.sn-open,.sn-panel-buttons.sn-open{display:block}.sn-search{display:flex;gap:40px;position:relative}.sn-search:not(.sn-mobile-inner-sub):after{position:absolute;content:"";top:0;left:50%;margin-left:-0.5px;bottom:-30px;width:1px;background:#c4c4c4}.sn-search>*{flex:1}.sn-search .sn-subtitle{font-size:1.0625rem;font-weight:600}.sn-search .sn-panel-main{padding-top:28px}.sn-search-panel{padding:16px;margin-bottom:14px;background:#fdfaf0;display:flex;gap:6px;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between}.sn-search-panel .sn-view-all{font-size:1rem}.sn-search-panel .sn-view-all:hover{text-underline-offset:2px;text-decoration:underline}.sn-search-panel div{width:100%}.sn-search .sn-sep{margin:22px 0;opacity:.3}.sn-search .sn-positive,.sn-search .sn-negative{border-radius:5px;padding:3px 5px;white-space:pre;min-width:85px;text-align:right;padding-left:25px;position:relative}.sn-search .sn-positive::before,.sn-search .sn-negative::before{content:"";position:absolute;display:block;top:6px;left:6px;width:13px;height:14px}.sn-search .sn-positive{background:#e5fbec;color:#137333}.sn-search .sn-positive::before{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ')}.sn-search .sn-negative{background:#ffebeb;color:#cf0f0f}.sn-search .sn-negative::before{background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ')}.sn-search .sn-price-listing{color:#1a1a1a;font-weight:500;padding:8px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px}.sn-search .sn-price-listing:first-child{margin-top:6px;border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.sn-search .sn-price-listing:hover span:first-child{text-decoration:underline}@media(max-width: 380px){.sn-search .sn-price-listing{font-size:0.875rem}}.sn-search .sn-price{margin-left:auto;margin-right:4px}.sn-search-note{color:rgba(0,0,0,.7)}.sn-search-form{display:flex;gap:8px}.sn-search-input{flex:1;border-radius:2px;font-size:1rem;padding:9px 12px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.7)}.sn-search-submit{cursor:pointer;border:0px;background:#0a70dc;color:#fff;font-weight:500;font-size:1rem;border-radius:2px;position:relative;padding:10px 18px 10px 35px !important}.sn-search-submit::before{content:"";background-image:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');width:15px;height:15px;margin-right:8px;position:absolute;top:12px;left:12px}.sn-search-nav .sn-search-share{display:flex;gap:6px}.sn-search-nav .sn-search-share:last-child{margin-left:auto}.sn-search-preset{padding-bottom:0 !important}.sn-search-result-hidden{display:none}.sn-search-result{padding:28px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #c4c4c4}.sn-search-result.-hidden{display:none}.sn-search-result.-show{display:block}.sn-search .sn-search-title{font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:600}.sn-search .sn-search-results-recent a{padding-left:8px}.sn-search .sn-search-results-recent a:before{display:none}.sn-search .sn-search-compare,.sn-search .sn-subtitle{color:#071d49;font-family:Inter;font-size:1rem;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;line-height:normal;text-decoration-line:underline}.sn-search .sn-search-compare-invest{display:none}@media(min-width: 981px){.sn-search .sn-search-compare-invest{display:block}}.sn-search .sn-search-compare-bottom{display:block;padding-bottom:0;padding-top:24px}@media(min-width: 981px){.sn-search .sn-search-compare-bottom{display:none}}.sn-search .sn-search-accounts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;grid-gap:24px}@media(min-width: 768px){.sn-search .sn-search-accounts{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}@media(min-width: 981px){.sn-search .sn-search-accounts{grid-template-columns:1fr}}@media(min-width: 1024px){.sn-search .sn-search-accounts{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}.sn-search .-hidden{display:none}.sn-search .sn-search-account{border:1px solid #c4c4c4;background:#fff;padding:16px;position:relative}.sn-search .sn-search-account h4{padding-bottom:8px;font-weight:600}.sn-search .sn-search-account:hover{background-color:#f6fafe;border:1px solid #071d49}.sn-search .sn-search-account:active{background-color:#eff7ff;border:1px solid #071d49}.sn-search .sn-search-account .sn-search-account-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-weight:600;color:#071d49;font-size:1rem}@media(min-width: 981px){.sn-search .sn-search-account .sn-search-account-heading{font-size:1.125rem}}.sn-search .sn-search-account .sn-search-account-chevron{margin-left:6px}.sn-search .sn-search-account .sn-search-account-content{color:#4d4d4d;font-weight:400}.sn-search .sn-search-account .sn-search-account-flare{position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0}.sn-search .sn-search-headings{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:16px}.sn-search-nav{padding:12px 0px}.sn-search-nav a{display:block;padding:8px}.sn-search-nav a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px;background:#f7f7f7}.sn-search-nav em{font-weight:600;font-style:normal}.sn-search .sn-search-link{font-weight:600;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}.sn-search .sn-search-link:hover{text-decoration:none}.sn-search #sn-search-news-container .sn-search-link,.sn-search #sn-search-research-container .sn-search-link{display:none}.sn-search .sn-search-nav-research,.sn-search .sn-search-nav-news{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:start}.sn-search .sn-search-nav-research>a,.sn-search .sn-search-nav-news>a{margin-top:0;width:calc(100% - 110px)}.sn-search .sn-search-nav-research>p,.sn-search .sn-search-nav-news>p{width:110px;padding:8px;font-size:14px}.sn-search-radio{border-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;align-items:center;padding:20px 0 0 0}.sn-search-radio-toggle label{display:inline-block;padding:8px 16px;border-radius:20px;background-color:#bddeff;color:#00366b;font-size:14px;text-align:center;cursor:pointer}.sn-search-radio-toggle label:hover{background-color:#00366b;color:#fff}.sn-search-radio-toggle input{position:absolute;opacity:0;width:0;height:0}.sn-search-radio-toggle input:checked+label{background-color:#00366b;color:#fff}.sn-search-radio-toggle input:focus+label,.sn-search-radio-toggle input:focus-visible+label{outline:2px solid #0a6bd2;outline-offset:2px}.sn-header-skip{background:#fee942;display:block !important;overflow:hidden;height:0px;outline:0px !important;font-size:0.875rem;font-weight:500}.sn-header-skip .sn-container{padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:3px}.sn-header-skip span{display:inline-block;padding:9px 0 11px;text-underline-offset:2px;text-decoration:underline}.sn-header-skip:focus-visible{height:auto}.sn-is-slim .sn-topbar-area,.sn-is-slim .sn-topbar-links,.sn-is-slim .sn-navbar-links{display:none;color:#071d49}.sn-is-slim .sn-navbar-actions{position:relative;top:2px;padding-bottom:0px}.sn-is-slim .sn-navbar-actions a:not(.sn-slim-visible),.sn-is-slim .sn-navbar-actions button:not(.sn-slim-visible),.sn-is-slim .sn-navbar-actions .sn-vsep{display:none !important}.sn-is-slim .sn-desktop>.sn-container{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.sn-header-promo{width:100%;padding:14px 0;background:#071d49}.sn-header-promo .sn-container{display:flex;gap:12px;justify-content:space-between;margin:0 auto}.sn-header-promo p.sn-header-promo-body{color:#fff;font-size:0.875rem}.sn-header-promo a{color:#fff;text-decoration:underline;font-weight:500;text-underline-offset:2px}.sn-header-promo a:hover{text-decoration:none}.sn-header-promo button.sn-header-promo-button{margin-top:0px;color:#fff;font-weight:500;display:flex;align-items:center;font-size:0.875rem;text-underline-offset:2px}.sn-header-promo button.sn-header-promo-button:hover{text-decoration:underline}.sn-header-promo button.sn-header-promo-button::after{content:"";width:12px;height:12px;margin-left:7px;display:block;background-repeat:no-repeat;background:url('data:image/svg+xml, ')}.sn-loader div{border-radius:4px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:10px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);position:relative}.sn-loader div:after{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;content:"";animation-duration:1.25s;animation-fill-mode:forwards;animation-iteration-count:infinite;animation-name:snShimmer;animation-timing-function:linear;background:#a9a9a9;background:linear-gradient(to right, #eee 10%, #fff 18%, #eee 33%);background-size:1600px 100%;height:100%;opacity:.9}.sn-loader div:last-child{margin-bottom:0px}.sn-loader-a{height:20px;margin-bottom:12px}.sn-loader-b{height:80px;margin-bottom:12px}@keyframes snShimmer{0%{background-position:100% 0}100%{background-position:-100% 0}}.sn-hide-variant{display:none !important}.sn-only-personal{display:none !important}.sn-is-personal .sn-hide-personal:not(.sn-only-workplace){display:none !important}.sn-is-personal .sn-only-personal{display:block !important}.sn-mobile-nav .sn-hide-mobile{display:none !important}.sn-only-auth{display:none !important}.sn-is-auth .sn-hide-auth{display:none !important}.sn-is-auth .sn-only-auth{display:block !important}.sn-only-unauth{display:none !important}.sn-is-unauth .sn-hide-unauth{display:none !important}.sn-is-unauth .sn-only-unauth{display:block !important}.sn-only-guest{display:none !important}.sn-is-guest .sn-only-guest{display:block !important}.sn-only-client{display:none !important}.sn-is-client:not(.sn-is-workplace) .sn-only-client{display:block !important}.sn-is-client:not(.sn-is-workplace) .sn-only-guest{display:none !important}.sn-is-client:not(.sn-is-workplace) .sn-mobile-nav .sn-mobile-only-guest{display:none !important}.sn-is-client:not(.sn-is-workplace).sn-is-auth .sn-only-client.sn-hide-auth{display:none !important}.sn-is-client:not(.sn-is-workplace).sn-is-unauth .sn-only-client.sn-hide-unauth{display:none !important}.sn-only-workplace{display:none !important}.sn-is-workplace .sn-hide-workplace{display:none !important}.sn-is-workplace .sn-only-workplace{display:block !important}.sn-is-invisible{height:0;overflow:hidden}.cookieSettingsModal{display:none}.cookieSettingsModal__section{margin:20px 0}.cookieSettingsModal{background:#fff;padding:30px;margin:32px;max-height:90%}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px)and (max-height: 600px){.cookieSettingsModal{margin:0}}.cookieSettingsModal{overflow-y:scroll;border-radius:4px}@media only screen and (max-height: 768px){.cookieSettingsModal{margin:32px;overflow-y:scroll}}.cookieBanner{background:rgba(0,0,0,.6);position:fixed;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:950;overflow:hidden;overflow-y:auto;font-size:16px;line-height:28px}.cookieBanner .show{display:block}.cookieBanner .hide{display:none}.cookieBanner *+p,.cookieBanner p+*{margin-top:1.5625rem}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px){.cookieBanner{font-size:18px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px)and (min-height: 600px){.cookieBanner{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center}}.cookieBanner__inner{max-height:calc(100% - 64px);position:relative;text-align:left;font-family:Inter,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px)and (min-height: 600px){.cookieBanner__inner{max-width:600px;width:90%}}.cookieBanner__inner h4{font-weight:600}.cookieBanner__modalContent{position:fixed;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);background:#fff;padding:30px;margin:32px;border-radius:4px}@media only screen and (max-width: 375px){.cookieBanner__modalContent{margin-top:8px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px)and (min-height: 600px){.cookieBanner__modalContent{position:relative;top:auto;transform:none}}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px){.cookieBanner__modalContent{margin:auto}}@media only screen and (max-width: 280px){.cookieBanner__modalContent{position:relative;transform:none}}@media only screen and (max-height: 460px){.cookieBanner__modalContent{margin:8px 32px;max-height:80%;overflow-y:scroll}}.cookieBanner__text{margin-bottom:30px;font-family:Inter,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif}.cookieBanner__buttons{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){.cookieBanner__buttons{flex-direction:row;align-items:center}}.cookieBanner__settingsAccept{display:block}.cookieBanner__accept{display:block;margin:0}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){.cookieBanner__accept{margin:0 0 0 30px}}.cookieBanner__settings{position:relative;display:block;text-align:center;font-weight:500;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;text-transform:uppercase}.cookieBanner__link{border:0;position:relative;vertical-align:text-bottom}.cookieBanner__settingsIcon{margin-right:30px}.cookieBanner__settingsIcon:before{background:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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") no-repeat;position:absolute;content:"";height:24px;width:24px;transform:translate(5px, 5px);top:-5px;left:-5px;background-size:24px 24px}.cookieBanner h2{display:block;font-size:24px;margin-block-start:13px;margin-block-end:13px;margin-inline-start:0px;margin-inline-end:0px;font-weight:bold}.cookieBanner body.-cb-open{height:100vh;overflow-y:hidden}.cookieBanner .cookieDecisionRadioGroup_wrapper{display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:flex-start;padding:0px;gap:24px;margin-top:16px;border:none}.cookieBanner .radio{position:relative;cursor:pointer;display:flex}.cookieBanner .radio__text{padding-top:8px}.cookieBanner .radio__label{display:block;margin-left:12px;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:24px;letter-spacing:-0.32px;cursor:pointer;color:#071d49}.cookieBanner .radio__input{appearance:none;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);margin:0;cursor:pointer;max-height:40px}.cookieBanner .radio__input::before{content:"";display:inline-block;color:#c4c4c4;width:40px;height:40px;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #c4c4c4;border-radius:22px;transition:all 150ms linear}.cookieBanner .radio__input::before{content:"";display:inline-block;color:#8a8a8a;width:40px;height:40px;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #8a8a8a;border-radius:22px;background-color:#fff;transition:all 150ms linear}.cookieBanner .radio__input:focus{outline:0}.cookieBanner .radio__input:focus::before{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 4px #071d49;outline:2px solid #00deb2}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){.cookieBanner .radio__label{font-size:18px;line-height:28px}}.cookieBanner .radio__input__bgiTh::before{content:"";display:inline-block;width:28px;height:28px;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #c4c4c4;border-radius:22px;transition:all 150ms linear}.cookieBanner .radio__input__bgiTh:checked::before{background:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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") no-repeat 0 0;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #071d49}.cookieBanner .radio__input__bgiTh:hover::before{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #071d49}.cookieBanner .button-module_button{cursor:pointer;font-family:Inter,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding:12px 24px;border:0;font-weight:600;transition:all 150ms linear;width:auto;display:block;margin:0}.cookieBanner .cookieBanner__modalContent .cookieBanner__buttons .button-module_button{width:100%;height:auto}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){.cookieBanner .cookieBanner__modalContent .cookieBanner__buttons .button-module_button{width:231px;height:62px}}.cookieBanner .cookieBanner__modalContent .cookieBanner__buttons .button-module_button-primary{margin:0 0 24px 0}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){.cookieBanner .cookieBanner__modalContent .cookieBanner__buttons .button-module_button-primary{margin:0 0 0 30px;padding:0}}.cookieBanner .button-module_button:hover,.cookieBanner .button-module_button:active{background-color:#0857aa;border:1px solid #0a70dc;color:#fff}.cookieBanner .button-module_button-primary{background:#0a70dc;border:1px solid #0a70dc;color:#fff}@media only screen and (min-width: 460px){.cookieBanner .button-module_button-primary{margin-bottom:0px}}.cookieBanner .button-module_button-secondary{background:#fff;border:1px solid #0a70dc;color:#0a70dc}.cookieBanner .button-module_button-secondary:focus{border:1px solid #00deb2}.cookieBanner .button-module_button-secondary:hover{border:.0625rem solid var(#0857aa);background-color:var(#0857aa)}.cookieBanner .button-module_button:focus{background-color:#00deb2;border:1px solid #00deb2;box-shadow:inset 0 -2px 0 0 #071d49;outline:0;color:#071d49}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){.cookieBanner .button-module_button{padding:16px 32px;font-size:18px;line-height:28px;width:auto}}.cookieBanner .link-module_link-body{color:#0a70dc;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-color:currentcolor}.cookieBanner .link-module_link:focus{outline:0;color:#071d49;text-decoration-thickness:2px}.cookieBanner .link-module_link:hover{color:#0857aa;text-decoration:none}.cookieBanner .link-module_link:focus .link-module_link-span{background-color:#00deb2}.cookieBanner .sr-only:not(:focus):not(:active){clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}.notificationStripContainer{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;text-align:center;background-color:#071d49;padding:14px;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:24px;color:#fff;gap:10px}.notificationContent{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:10px}.notificationStripText{width:100%}.notificationStripInner{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.notificationStripDays{display:flex;gap:4px;margin-right:10px}.notificationStripDigit{font-family:"HLOswald","Oswald",Impact,Franklin Gothic Bold,sans-serif;background-color:#fff;font-weight:800;border-radius:4px;min-width:20px;min-height:28px;color:#162c57;font-size:24px;align-items:center;text-align:center;padding-top:1px}@media(max-width: 389px){.notificationContent{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;text-align:left}.notificationStripInner{justify-content:flex-start}}@media(min-width: 390px){.notificationContent{flex-direction:row;align-items:center;text-align:center}.notificationStripText{width:auto}.notificationStripInner{justify-content:center}}.notificationStripSlash{display:none}@media(min-width: 580px){.notificationStripSlash{display:block;margin:0 10px;color:#fff}}.notificationStripTitle{font-weight:700}.notificationStripLastDayMessage strong{font-weight:700}
Share research Primary Health Properties - new CEO announced Primary Health Properties (PHP) has announced that Mark Davies will begin as CEO following the conclusion of the group's AGM on 24 April 2024.
No recommendation - No news or research item is a personal recommendation to deal. All investments can fall as well as rise in value so you could get back less than you invest.
Primary Health Properties plc PHP
Prices delayed by at least 15 minutes
This article is more than 1 year old
It was correct at the time of publishing. Our views and any references to tax, investment, and pension rules may have changed since then.
Primary Health Properties (PHP) has announced that Mark Davies will begin as CEO following the conclusion of the group's AGM on 24 April 2024. Current CEO and Founder, Harry Hyman, had previously indicated his intention to step down at that time and will work with Mark in the run-up to the April AGM.
The shares rose 2.4% in early trading.
First Half Results (26 July 2023) PHP saw a 6.2% rise in net rental income over the first half, to £75.5m, with growth largely driven by rent reviews. Occupancy was 99.6% at the end of the period.
Underlying earnings rose £1.2m to £45.9m, driven by increased rental income which was somewhat offset by higher finance costs. The group's EPRA cost ratio (costs as a percentage of rental income) rose slightly from 9.9% to 10.1% but remains one of the lowest in the sector.
The portfolio's value as of 30 June was £2.8bn, broadly flat from the end of last year. A revaluation charge of £11.9m was taken, compared to a gain of £51.2m last year, reflecting a decline in the fair value of properties.
Loan to value for the portfolio rose from 45.1% to 45.6%, in the middle of the target range of 40-50%.
View the latest Primary Health Properties share price and how to deal
Our view Primary Health Properties' purpose-built doctor's surgeries have a long track record of delivering results for shareholders and is now in its 27th consecutive year of dividend increases. As a REIT (real estate investment trust), PHP has to pay out the vast majority of profits as a dividend so that should ultimately feed through to investors' pockets, although of course there are no guarantees.
We believe that PHP's asset base is relatively defensive in the context of today's challenging macroeconomic environment. Rent collection rates were 99% in both 2021 and 2022, with 2023 rates trending in the same direction.
PHP has also successfully navigated the interest rate rises seen over the past year or so, with a stable average cost of debt of 3.2%. There is an impact on the investment market, largely relating to a lack of transactions as potential buyers try to wait out the higher-rate environment. That, plus the higher cost of capital, means PHP is relatively underweight in the development and investment arena for now. Instead, it's focused on the rental market, where it sees further upside.
We like the move. Those same elevated costs, and the lack of new supply, are giving landlords like PHP more bargaining power at the negotiating table. Plus, with 69% of rents up for review every three years and a further 25% index-linked, there's plenty of scope to benefit from the improving rental market.
Looking to the future, we think PHP has several features that underpin long-term dividend-paying potential. The backlog of procedures in the NHS and the needs of an ageing population means investment in primary care facilities isn't going anywhere.
And, with 89% of the group's rent roll funded by the NHS or its Irish equivalent, we view the group's tenants as lower risk. An average lease length of 11 years should mean rental income is secure for years to come.
There are some reasons for caution too though. Loan-to-value (LTV) is high by industry standards, and has risen over the past year. With an economic downturn looming, there's a slight chance governments could trim healthcare funding, which could become problematic in the short term.
The group's REIT structure also means investors are likely to be asked to fork out extra cash from time-to-time, especially as debt financing becomes more expensive. Because REITs have to pay out most of their profits it's difficult for them to fund growth organically.
PHP's valuation has come down a touch this year, broadly in line with its peer group, and the prospective dividend yield is attractive but remember nothing is guaranteed. Next year's CEO change shouldn't impact the strategy and we continue to like PHP as a play on a resilient segment of the UK property market. However, we caution that there remains a very real risk of falling property values in the near term across the sector.
PHP key facts Forward price/book ratio (next 12 months): 0.88
Ten year average forward price/book ratio: 1.19
Prospective dividend yield (next 12 months): 7.3%
Ten year average prospective dividend yield: 4.9%
All ratios are sourced from Refinitiv. Please remember yields are variable and not a reliable indicator of future income. Keep in mind key figures shouldn't be looked at on their own - it's important to understand the big picture.
This article is original Hargreaves Lansdown content, published by Hargreaves Lansdown. It was correct as at the date of publication, and our views may have changed since then. Unless otherwise stated estimates, including prospective yields, are a consensus of analyst forecasts provided by Refinitiv. These estimates are not a reliable indicator of future performance. Yields are variable and not guaranteed. Investments rise and fall in value so investors could make a loss.
This article is not advice or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any investment. No view is given on the present or future value or price of any investment, and investors should form their own view on any proposed investment. This article has not been prepared in accordance with legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and is considered a marketing communication. Non-independent research is not subject to FCA rules prohibiting dealing ahead of research, however HL has put controls in place (including dealing restrictions, physical and information barriers) to manage potential conflicts of interest presented by such dealing. Please see our full non-independent research disclosure for more information.
Latest from Share research
Sign up for editors choice. The week's top investment stories, free in your inbox every Saturday.
Written by
Matt Britzman
Senior Equity Analyst
Matt is a Senior Equity Analyst on the share research team, providing up-to-date research and analysis on individual companies and wider sectors. He is a CFA Charterholder and also holds the Investment Management Certificate.
Our content review process
The aim of Hargreaves Lansdown's financial content review process is to ensure accuracy, clarity, and comprehensiveness of all published materials
Published: 5th September 2023
This website uses cookies
To help personalise your experience with HL and show you relevant content and adverts, we use cookies.
By clicking "Accept All Cookies", you consent to our use of cookies. You can change this at any time. If you want to know more, read our cookie policy .
Cookie Settings
Accept All Cookies
You have accepted all cookies
Cookie settings
To make sure you get the most from our website, we use cookies.
Accept All Cookies
You have accepted all cookies
Essential Cookies
These allow our website to work properly and gives us anonymous
information about how the website is used.
Functional cookies
The website will remember you (for example, for faster login) and help
us understand how you use the site.
Marketing cookies
You'll see tailored adverts. If you turn these off, you will still see
adverts but they may not be relevant to your interests.
Save preferences
Find out more about how we use cookies